Task 6 - Creating a Montage

Soviet Montage

The style of montage that's been used
As a group, our intention with coming up with this soviet montage idea was to give out a message how school could make you feel like your trapped inside a cell/person which is why we use teenage prison to describe how students may feel about coming to school early in the morning, tired, grumpy and not wanting to go school. I believe it was successful example because it describe the mind of how teenagers look at school compared to Teachers. Although some may enjoy going to school but at times is make you feel like a prison you go to every 5 times in a weeks.

Task 5 - Understanding Montage Theory

Montage

The term Montage a technique in film editing in which a series of short shots are edited into a sequence to condense space, time and information.

3 key meaning:



• French Cinema - Simply meaning to edit.
• Soviet Cinema - Placing two deliberately image next to each other. E.g. A shots of a butcher slaughtering cattle used to suggest the Russian troops were mistreating the striking workers.
• Hollywood Cinema - Used to condense a long narrative sequence into short compact sequence e.g. weeks of training condense into two minutes.

2 key films makers:

Les Kuleshov


He was a young Soviet film maker who did an experiment in around 1920. He took an old film clip of a head shot of a noted Russian actor and inter-cut the shot with different images.




Serge Eisenstein









Type of Montage they are:

Rocky -

Modern Times -

Strike -

Task 4 - From Analogue to Digital Editing

Analogue Film
Is the cutting together of piece of celluloid film are made up images printed on the acetate negatives. These are then ''spliced'' together to form a reel of film. These are then feed through a project at a constant speed of 24 frames a second which makes the pictures appear to be moving which is know as Analogue.

Video Editing
Before digital technology became available to use, magnetic tapes were used to store information which are know as video tapes. Video editing is the process of editing segments of these tapes using a device that mechanically puts pieces of video  tape together.

Digital Editing
Digital Media is a form of electronic media where data are stored in digital (as opposed to analogue) form. Digital editing is the use of computers to order and manipulate this digital data. There are many different editing programs such as Adobe Premier, Avid, Final Cut Pro.


Non - Liner Editing
Editing in any order is called non-liners editing. You can edit a sequence from the end of the film before you have started editing the first scene. The process uses electronic files so it makes it as easy as cutting and pasting text in a word document.

Pros and Cons Analogue and Digital Editing

Pros:

Cons:





Task 2/3 - In Camera Editing/Developing Editing

In-Camera Editing

In camera editing is a technique of video production in which the camera operator shoots the shots in the exact order that they will be viewed in. It was a technique used a deal in the early days of the films making before ''splicing'' (the art of cutting/reconnecting film strip) became easier. The film is ''edited' by simply switching on and odd the camera. One of the most famous in-camera editors was George Melies.

Pros and Cons In Camera Editing Analysis 

Pros:

• Its takes less time when it comes to editing.
• When planning out the storyboard, you only have one shot to make when it comes to filming as you would not have any chance to change anything around.
  

Cons:

• Focusing the camera in the right position when filming.
• Changes can not be erased from the camera.
• When filming the timing is important when the camera turns on and off.

Editors moved from in-camera editing techniques was because new camera equipment's came along and, also had the benefit of editing on the computers using software to make the filming less stress full and easier to edit and produce films. - Explain why editors move on from in-camera editing techniques 

 

The shots we manage to used in our video was long shot, close up and wide shot.
During the filming, when the camera operator showed a wide shot of myself, awana and talha walking towards each other. The camera operator was able to show the audience a clear view of three of the characters meeting each other and the environment they were in.
I believe as a group we could have improved our communication skills while the camera was recording has they were few background noises. Another reason was at the beginning of the video, as a group we could have improved our story line by giving a clear beginning as they were few shots that were cut off  before the camera was turned on.

Task 1 - Editing in Early Cinema

Thomas Edison

Thomas Edison ran a laboratory where the Kinetographic Camera and the Kinetoscope were invented. He developed 35mm film strip that came to be the industry standard. he also eventually developed the projector to play it!

The Lumiere Brothers - Sortie d'usine

Edison worked with the Lumiere Brothers and produced short films that were one long, static, locked - down shot. Motion in the shot was necessary to amuse an audience, so the first film simply showed activity such as traffic moving on a city street. This can be seen in the film Sortie d'usine (1895) by the Lumiere brothers.

 

G.A Smith - The Miller and the Sweep

Initially, there was no story and no editing. Each film ran as long as there was film in  the camera.

 

G.A Smith - The Kiss in the Tunnel

In 1899 later G.A Smith made The Kiss in  the Tunnel . This film is said to mark the beginning of narrative editing (creating a story). Smith "felt that some extra spice was called for" in then popular "phantom ride" genre. He took advantage of the brief onset of darkness as they went into tunnel to spice (cut and then stick two pieces of film together) in the shot of the couple.

George Melies - The Vanishing Lady

 George Melies was a magician who had seen the film made by Lumiere brothers. Melies saw at once the possibilities of a novelty more than just motion its self. He acquired a camera,  built a studio, wrote scripts, designed sets and soon he discovered and exploited the basic camera trick we know so well today.

In Camera Editing

It is rumoured that he discovered the art of stop motion purely by accident when camera of his broken down for a brief second. In 1896 he made The Vanishing Lady using a technique know as In-Camera editing.
Sadly it never occurred to him to move the camera for close-ups or long shots and so his work was soon overlooked. The commercial growth of the industry forced him out of business in 1913, and he died in poverty. Elements of his life are depicted in the recent film Hugo.

Edwin S Porter – The Life of an American Fireman

Edwin S. Porter worked as an electrician before joining the film laboratory of Thomas Alva Edison in the late 1890s. He and Edison worked together to make longer more interesting films. Porter made the breakthrough film Life of an America Fireman in 1903. The film was among the first that had a plot, action, and even a close up of a hand pulling a fire alarm. Porter discovered important aspect of motion picture language: that the screen image does not need to show a complete person from head to toe. That splicing together two shots creates in the viewer's min a contextual relationship. These were the key discoveries that made all narrative motion pictures and television possible.

Edwin S Porter – The Great Train Robbery

Porter's (then) ground-breaking film, The Great Train Robbery (1903) is an excellent example of how early films began to resemble the types of films we see today. 

Charles Pathe – The Horse that Bolted

In the film The Horse that Bolted (1907) Charles Path introduces the first example of a technique known as parallel editing - cutting between two storylines:

• The Horse
• The delivery man

D.W. Griffith

D.W griffith was a U.S. film director, he was one of the early supporters of the power of editing. he made use of cross-cutting to show parallel action in different locations. Griffith's was one of the first of the early directors to use editing techniques in the production of "feature" length films. one his best controversial film and the one his best remember for was The Birth of a nation (1915)